原帖由 bodyheat 于 2008-12-31 11:33:00 发表 呵呵~~~众所周知交响诗都是单乐章的。俺之所以特别将"单乐章"和"叙事"两项基本特征强调出来本意是为了有助于您理解为何《彼得与狼》应被划归"交响诗"这一音乐形式。若因此令您产生额外的歧义,请恕俺行文考虑不周哈。 |
没有争论的意思,都是为了学习,别误解。
Musical FormsSymphonic PoemAn orchestral form in which a poem or programme provides a narrative or illustrative basis. Its origins can be seen in the
Egrnont,
Coriolan and third
Leonore overtures of
Beethoven, with their more or less explicit enactment of dramatic events. The concert overtures of
Berlioz and
Mendelssohn may be considered direct prototypes of the Lisztian symphonic poem, the earliest of which,
Ce qu'on entend sur la montagne, is based on a poem by Hugo. This was the first of
Liszt's 12 such works (1848-58).
The symphonic poem was taken up in Bohemia and Russia as a vehicle for nationalist ideas. In 1857
Smetana embarked on a group of symphonic poems, on literary subjects, clearly influenced by Liszt, but his
Ma vlast ('My Country'- six works including
The Moldau) is on episodes and ideas from Czech history. It was succeeded by a profusion of symphonic poems by his younger compatriots, including
Dvorak and Suk. In Russia, Glinka's
Kamarinskaya (1848) was a prototype for the symphonic poems of Balakirev,
Mussorgsky and Borodin on national subjects.
Tchaikovsky, by contrast, chose literary matenal for his
Romeo and ]uliet,
Francesca da Rimini and
Hamlet.
Franck had written an orchestral piece on Hugo's
Ce qu'on entend sur la montagne before Liszt, but the genre came to life in France in the 1870s, supported by the new Société Nationale.
Saint-Saëns's examples, including
Le rouet d'Omphale and
Danse macabre, were followed by d'Indy's and Duparc's and in 1876 Franck returned to the symphonic poem with
Les Eolides and later added
Le chasseur maudit and
Les Djinns. Among French symphonic poems Dukas's
L'apprenti-sorcier is a brilliant example of the narrative type.
Richard Strauss, who preferred the term 'Tondichtung' ('tone poem'), contributed a unique body of great works to the repertory in his early career, including
Don Juan,
Till Eulenspiegel,
Also sprach Zarathustra and
Don Quixote. In them he drew on his virtuosity as an orchestrator, his mastery of chromatic and diatonic harmony and his abundant skill in the transformation of themes and interweaving them in elaborate
counterpoint.
Sibelius was perhaps the last composer to contribute significantly to the repertory of the symphonic poem. Its decline in the 20th century may be attributed to the rejection of Romantic ideas and their replacement by notions of the abstraction and independence of music. Extracted with permission from
The Grove Concise Dictionary of Musicedited by Stanley Sadie
© Macmillan Press Ltd., London.
再详细的了解:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symphonic_poem 在介绍俄罗斯作曲家的交响诗时没有提到普罗科菲耶夫的《彼得与狼》是遗漏了?